About allergens in cod
Cod is a fish that is commonly used in cooking and can cause allergic reactions in some individuals. The protein in cod that primarily causes allergic reactions is parvalbumin, which is found in high concentrations in the fish's muscle tissue.
About the protein parvalbumin in fish
Parvalbumin is a type of protein that is found in high concentrations in the muscle tissue of fish, including cod, salmon, haddock, and other species. It is the protein in fish that is most responsible for causing allergic reactions in people who are allergic to fish.
Parvalbumin is one of the most stable proteins found in nature and can withstand high temperatures and oxygen deprivation, making it difficult to completely eliminate it during cooking and preparation of fish. People with fish allergies may have a sensitivity to the parvalbumin protein itself or to other proteins in the fish, and may experience a range of symptoms from mild to severe, including skin rashes, swelling, breathing difficulties, and anaphylaxis.
What happens in the body during an allergic reaction to cod protein?
During an allergic reaction to cod protein, IgE antibodies are produced in the body. When a person with a fish allergy is exposed to cod protein, the immune system perceives it as a dangerous intruder and begins producing specific antibodies to fight it. These antibodies, called IgE antibodies, then attach themselves to mast cells and basophils in the body.
When the person is exposed to cod protein again, the protein can bind to the IgE antibodies on the mast cells and basophils, triggering the release of histamine and other chemicals in the body. This can cause an allergic reaction with a variety of symptoms.
Symptoms of cod allergy
The symptoms of an allergic reaction to cod can vary from mild to severe, including skin rashes, itching, swelling of the face, lips, and tongue, breathing difficulties, and anaphylaxis, which is a potentially life-threatening allergic reaction.
People who are allergic to cod are advised to avoid all forms of fish and fish products, including cod, and should be aware of possible cross-reactions with other fish species, such as haddock and salmon, which also contain parvalbumin. If you suspect that you may be allergic to cod, you should seek advice from a doctor or allergist to establish a correct diagnosis and treatment plan.
How can I find out if I am allergic to cod?
There are various types of blood tests that can be used to test whether a person is allergic to cod. The most common blood test measures the level of IgE antibodies produced by the body against cod protein, including parvalbumin.
The result can indicate whether you are allergic or not. However, it is important to note that a blood test alone cannot make a diagnosis, so it is important that you seek advice from your doctor or healthcare provider to help establish a diagnosis and potential treatment.
