Understanding gut bacteria that break down Lactose
Lactose intolerance is a common problem that affects many people worldwide. This means that the body has difficulty breaking down lactose, a type of sugar found in milk and dairy products. But what many people don't know is that certain bacteria in our intestinal flora can help break down lactose and reduce the unpleasant symptoms. This article will explore these bacteria and present scientific evidence as well as practical advice to improve your gut health.
What is Lactose Intolerance?
Lactose intolerance occurs when the body lacks enough of the enzyme lactase, which is needed to break down lactose in the small intestine. When lactose is not broken down properly, it can be fermented by bacteria in the colon, leading to symptoms such as bloating, gas and diarrhea.
Intestinal flora and Lactose breakdown
Intestinal flora, or the microbiome, consists of trillions microorganisms that live in our gastrointestinal tracts. Research has shown that some of these microorganisms have the ability to break down lactose into smaller components that are easier for the body to handle.
Scientific Evidence
Study by Azcarate-Peril et al. (2017) - This study investigated the effect of short-chain galacto-oligosaccharides on the intestinal flora of lactose-intolerant individuals. The researchers found that these prebiotics could promote the growth of lactose-degrading bacteria, which reduced the symptoms of lactose intolerance (1).
Study by Goodrich et al. (2017) - Another study explored the relationship between the human genome and the microbiome. The researchers identified specific genes in some bacteria that make them capable of breaking down lactose (2).
Study by Martini et al. (1991) - This older study examined different strains of lactic acid bacteria in fermented milk products such as yogurt. The results showed that some strains could improve the in vivo lactase activity in individuals with lactose intolerance (3).
