All you need to know about Shigella sonnei: Symptoms and treatment
Shigella sonnei is one of the four species of Shigella bacteria that cause Shigella infection. This article will give you a thorough understanding of what Shigella sonnei is, how it spreads, what symptoms it causes, and how it can be treated. We will also give you practical advice to protect yourself and others from this infection.
What is Shigella sonnei?
Shigella sonnei is a bacterium belonging to the genus Shigella. It is known to cause shigella infections, which is a type of bacterial dysentery. The infection mainly affects the intestines and can lead to serious stomach and intestinal symptoms.
How is Shigella sonnei spread?
Shigella sonnei is mainly spread through fecal-oral infection. This means that the bacteria are transferred from faeces to the mouth, often via contaminated hands, food or water. Here are some common ways the infection can spread:
Direct contact: Through contact with an infected person's feces.
Contaminated food or water: Through ingestion of food or water that has been contaminated with bacteria.
Inadequate hand hygiene: By not washing hands after going to the toilet or changing diapers.
Symptoms of Shigella sonnei infection
The symptoms of a Shigella sonnei infection usually appear within 1-3 days of exposure and may include:
Watery or bloody diarrhea
Stomach pain and cramps
Fever
Nausea and vomiting
Fatigue
Diagnosis and treatment
To diagnose a Shigella sonnei infection, a stool sample is usually taken and analyzed in a laboratory. The treatment varies depending on the severity of the infection:
Fluid replacement: To prevent dehydration, it is important to drink plenty of fluids.
Antibiotics: In more severe cases, antibiotics may be prescribed to fight the bacteria.
Rest: Rest is important for the body to recover.
Preventive measures
Preventing a Shigella sonnei infection is mainly about good hygiene:
Hand washing: Wash hands thoroughly with soap and water after using the toilet and before meals.
Food hygiene: Ensure that food is prepared properly and that raw materials are handled hygienically.
Clean drinking water: Drink only water from safe sources or use purification methods when needs.
Practical tips to protect yourself and others
Wash your hands often: Use soap and water for at least 20 seconds.
Avoid sharing personal items: Sharing towels or cutlery can increase the risk of infection.
Inform in case of illness: If you or someone close to you becomes ill, inform those concerned so that they can take the necessary precautions.
Conclusion
Shigella sonnei is a serious bacterial infection that requires attention but can be prevented with proper hygiene measures. By being aware of how the infection spreads and what symptoms it causes, you can take the necessary steps to protect yourself and others.
For more information about shigella infections, we recommend a visit to the Public Health Agency's website: Folkhälsomyndigheten - Shigellainfektion.
