Skip to content
Testmottagningen logo
en
sv
Testmottagningen logo

Chromosomes

Chromosomes are structures in each cell that carry our genetic information. Humans normally have 46 chromosomes, organized into 23 pairs, of which 22 are autosomes and the last pair are sex chromosomes. Females have two X chromosomes (XX) and males have one X and one Y chromosome (XY). We inherit one chromosome from each parent, and chromosomes are critical to our development and genetic code

X/Y

Sex chromosomes

X / Y

Sex chromosomes X and Y are a fundamental part of our genetics and play a central role in determining an individual's sex as well as influencing various biological processes.

T13

Trisomy 13

Chromosome 13

Chromosome 13 is one of the 23 pairs of chromosomes in human cells and contains over 300 genes that are essential for the body’s development. A genetic abnormality associated with chromosome 13 is Trisomy 13, or Patau syndrome, where the individual has three copies of chromosome 13 instead of two. Trisomy 13 can be diagnosed through prenatal tests such as NIPT, ultrasound, or amniocentesis.

T18

Trisomi 18

Kromosom 18

Chromosome 18 contains over 200 genes and is crucial for the body's development. A genetic abnormality like Trisomy 18, also known as Edwards syndrome, means the individual has three copies of chromosome 18, leading to severe physical and cognitive developmental problems.

T21

Trisomy 21

Chromosome 21

Chromosome 21 is crucial for the body's development and contains over 200 genes that influence important body functions, such as the heart and nervous system. An abnormality in this chromosome, Trisomy 21 (Down syndrome), means that the individual has three copies instead of two, leading to physical and cognitive changes. Down syndrome can be diagnosed through tests such as NIPT, ultrasound, or amniocentesis. In Sweden, approximately 120 children are born with Down syndrome each year.