- Trisomy 21 (Down syndrome) – An extra copy of chromosome 21, which is the most common chromosomal abnormality.
- Trisomy 18 (Edwards syndrome) – A rare and serious chromosomal abnormality that often leads to complications.
- Trisomy 13 (Patau syndrome) – Very rare, but severe and often life-threatening abnormality. Sex chromosome abnormalities – For example, Turner syndrome (45,X) and Klinefelter syndrome (XXY).
A chromosomal abnormality is a change in the number or structure of chromosomes, which can affect the development of the fetus and lead to congenital conditions. Chromosomes contain our DNA and genes, and abnormalities can occur spontaneously during cell division or be inherited from parents. Chromosomal abnormalities come in two different types, numerical abnormalities and structural abnormalities. Chromosomal abnormalities can be detected through genetic tests, such as NIPT or amniocentesis during pregnancy. With a risk-free NIPT test, you can also choose to find out the sex of the fetus if you wish.