Blood test for analysis of S-copper
S-Copper is a blood test that measures the concentration of copper in serum. Copper is a vital trace element that fulfills several biological functions in the body. Among other things, in energy production, iron metabolism, nerve function and the formation of connective tissue. Imbalances in copper levels can both cause and indicate various disease states. The analysis for S-copper is mainly used to:
- Investigate suspected copper deficiency, which can occur in malabsorption, malnutrition, certain genetic diseases or long-term zinc treatment.
- Identify elevated copper values, such as in Wilson's disease, inflammatory conditions or liver diseases.
- Follow up treatment for diseases that affect the body's copper balance.
Combined analysis with s-ceruloplasmin
For a reliable medical assessment of your copper status, the concentration of ceruloplasmin is always analyzed in conjunction with S-copper, from the same blood sample. Ceruloplasmin is a liver-produced transport protein that binds approximately 90–95% of the copper in serum. Since the majority of copper in the blood circulates in a bound state, changes in ceruloplasmin levels can strongly affect the total S-copper value.
For example, in inflammatory conditions or pregnancy, ceruloplasmin can rise as part of the body's acute phase reaction, which in turn raises the S-copper level without there being an actual copper excess. Similarly, a low ceruloplasmin value can give a false impression of copper deficiency, even though the amount of free copper is not pathologically low.
Therefore, the combined interpretation of S-copper and ceruloplasmin is necessary in cases of suspicion of conditions such as Wilson's disease, where S-copper may be low, normal or elevated depending on the ceruloplasmin level and the stage of the disease. The ratio between copper and ceruloplasmin and the calculation of free copper may in some cases be crucial for the correct diagnosis and treatment strategy.
Reference values for S-copper
Age | Reference range (µmol/L) |
<11 years | Age-dependent* |
≥11 years | 11 – 23 |
The blood test can be performed at clinics affiliated with SYNLAB. The analysis is then sent to Sahlgrenska, after which the response time is estimated to be between 1-2 weeks.
- Expected response time: Within 14 working days from the time the sample reaches the laboratory.
- Analyst: Sahlgrenska University Hospital.