P-Calcium – Important mineral for the body's functions
Calcium is a vital mineral that is needed for the body's skeleton, teeth, and blood clotting, among other things. Our body consists of about 1-2% calcium, of which about 1% circulates in the blood and about 99% is bound in bones and teeth.
The concentration of calcium in the blood is strictly regulated by the skeleton, intestines and kidneys. Too much or too little calcium in the blood can cause osteoporosis, hypercalcemia and kidney damage, among other things.
What do calcium values in the blood mean?
The calcium content in the blood is measured as P-Calcium (plasma calcium) and can provide important information about the body's calcium balance. Most of the calcium in the blood is bound to proteins, mainly albumin, while about 50% is free, so-called ionized calcium (Ca²⁺), which is the biologically active form.
Normally, the total calcium level in the blood is between 2.15–2.50 mmol/L, but can vary depending on the laboratory.
What do elevated or low calcium levels mean?
Hypercalcemia (elevated P-Calcium above 2.50 mmol/L). Can be caused by, among other things, an overactive parathyroid gland (hyperparathyroidism), excess vitamin D or certain cancers. Symptoms can include fatigue, nausea, constipation, increased thirst, kidney stones and confusion.
Hypocalcemia (low P-Calcium below 2.15 mmol/L). Can be due to vitamin D deficiency, kidney disease or low levels of parathyroid hormone (PTH). Common symptoms are muscle cramps, tingling in the fingers, spasms and in severe cases cardiac arrhythmias.
Why should you test P-Calcium?
A blood test for P-Calcium may be necessary in the following cases:
- Suspected parathyroid disorders (e.g. hyperparathyroidism).
- Investigation of vitamin D deficiency or osteoporosis.
- Kidney diseases that can affect calcium regulation.
- Prolonged fatigue, muscle weakness or neurological symptoms.
Calcium is a crucial mineral for many bodily functions. A blood test for P-Calcium can help identify imbalances that can affect the bones, kidneys, nervous system and heart. Regular monitoring of calcium levels may be particularly important in certain diseases or when using medications that affect calcium metabolism.